What is lymphedema in relation to breast cancer treatment?

Lymphedema is characterized by swelling that occurs when lymph fluid accumulates in the tissues, typically in the arms or legs. This condition can arise as a consequence of breast cancer treatment, particularly following procedures such as lymph node removal (lymphadenectomy) or radiation therapy. These treatments can impair the normal flow of lymph fluid, leading to its buildup and resulting in swelling.

Understanding lymphedema is crucial for breast care nurses, as recognizing its early signs and symptoms can lead to better management strategies, including patient education on preventive measures and treatment options to alleviate swelling. The other options do not accurately describe lymphedema: the first option refers to reduced lymph fluid, which contradicts the definition of lymphedema, the third option focuses on chemotherapy, which can have varied side effects but does not specifically relate to lymphedema, and the fourth option describes a surgical approach, not a condition resulting from breast cancer treatments.