Which imaging technique is primarily used as a screening tool for breast cancer?

Mammography is the primary imaging technique used as a screening tool for breast cancer due to its effectiveness in detecting early signs of the disease. This low-dose X-ray procedure specifically focuses on the breast tissue, allowing for the identification of abnormalities such as calcifications and masses that can indicate the presence of breast cancer. Regular mammography screenings are recommended for women, especially those over a certain age or with risk factors for breast cancer, as it has been shown to significantly reduce mortality rates through early detection.

While ultrasound, CT scans, and standard X-rays have their roles in breast health, they are not utilized primarily for routine screening. Ultrasound may be used as a supplementary tool for further evaluation of abnormalities found on a mammogram or in specific populations, but it lacks the general screening capability of mammography. CT scans are not typically used for breast cancer screening due to their higher radiation exposure and the extensive nature of the imaging that is not necessary for routine breast examination. Standard X-rays are not designed specifically for breast tissue evaluation and therefore do not provide the detailed information needed for effective screening.